I got the amazing opportunity to to to Arizona to learn about eggs. Seriously. The good people at the American Egg Board and The Good Egg Project (via Foodbuzz) brought us to Phoenix where we learned about eggs and toured Hickman Family Farms. Since that was the place chosen to host our tour; I figured they were the “model” place that hosted tours all the time for those curious about egg production. Come to find out, that’s not the case! Hickman’s have given a few press tours, but they are not in the business of giving tours at all. Ooooohhhh, that made it even more fun! The first thing that hit me (other than the smell of course) was how CLEAN everything was. I couldn’t speak for all egg facilities, but this one, most definitely. The outside fence goes on for miles for biosecurity – you let people in that aren’t authorized and they could contaminate everything. No bird owners allowed! Luckily, none of the bloggers attending that day were bird owners so we were all allowed in. First thing once you walk in the door is stepping on the chlorinated tablet mat, in an attempt to sterilize your dirty shoes. Not a bad idea for home either with babies dropping their pacifiers on the floor and popping it right back in their mouths! Then, you must wear a hairnet and a robe thing to cover up your clothes. I was afraid if I sneezed that I’d get thrown out.
Of course, the most interesting part was the hens. In this case, there were a bajillion white hens. White hens = white eggs, brown hens = brown eggs. Same nutritional profile, only difference is the brown eggs tend to be a little harder to crack. So, there are six hens to a cage (I think? The United Egg Producers animal welfare program says one hen every 67+ inches ) and the cage is slightly tilted towards the front so when they lay their egg, it will slowly fall into the line where the eggs are then whisked away to be cleaned and packaged. Underneath the cages are long conveyor belts where the excrement goes and gets cleaned out once per day. The poo doesn’t touch the hens below, don’t worry! At the front of the cage is the feed, and the back is the water, which means within the pecking order of the hens, the alpha female can’t competely dominate the weaker ones because at some point the alpha will need to visit the opposite end of the cage for either a drink or a bite to eat. Also, the beaks are trimmed (still plenty of beak left…again, not to worry!) so that the alpha hens don’t tear apart the weaker ones. Really, the alpha hens will go after the weaker ones and there are casualties, but that’s more prominent when the hens are freely roaming and more difficult to do with a trimmed beak. Luckily, the hens were on their best behavior when we were there and we didn’t see any hens down at all.
I typically buy organic eggs, mainly because I don’t want the hormones and pesticides. Come to find out, they don’t feed them hormones anyway! However, those pesky pesticides find their way everywhere. As a consumer, unless you know the farmer, you don’t really know how happy these Cage Free hens are and how much time they actually get out of the cage, nor do you know if they really want to be out of the cage. The mortality rates are on average, much higher in the Cage Free environments as well. Plus, going Cage Free means exposing the hens to mosquitoes and whatnot, which exposes them to disease that is far better contained in the caged hens, obviously. I’m not too sure why there aren’t any caged hens fed organic feed though…is there? I don’t think so, but at least you’d have a cheaper egg since you wouldn’t have to pay for the higher mortality rates and the bigger land space of the free range hens. So, you’d have a cheaper “organic” though not cage free/free range egg. I hope I just made sense there! In the meantime, I still buy organic eggs for the pesticide-free reason and hope the hens are treated well. However, at restaurants, I chow down on conventional eggs without a second thought.
Most consumers buy Grade A, large, white eggs (about 15 cents an egg). If you are to spend a little extra on the Omega 3 eggs, you’re just paying more for a hen that ate some flax seed. Personally, I don’t buy these because I eat plenty of flax/salba/hemp seeds and prefer to get my Omega 3s through fish anyway! However, if you don’t eat any of those things, you may as well spring a little extra for those Omega 3s! Oh, and if we all decided that we were going to stop buying conventional eggs and we wanted Cage Free hens, there would be an egg shortage and the cheap cost of eggs would go up up up! I’m pretty sure that isn’t going to happen…at least in most of the US anyway. People will do anything for cheep, er…cheaper food.
Back to Hickman’s tour – this place was so clean and the standards so stringent I felt like I could Pull a Mr. T and start drinking raw eggs for the awesome quality of the protein within and not worry about salmonella. However, there is still roughly a 1 in 20,000 chance an egg will have salmonella so I refrain myself from chugging them. Um, and I don’t do that anyway. However, I love a slice of toast with an egg over-easy and dipping the toast in the yolk. I’m trying not to do that pregnant but do it anyway sometimes…shhh, don’t tell the nice nutritionist, Mary Lee Chin, that attended the egg tour! One large egg has about 70 calories and 6 grams of protein. Most of the nutrition comes in the yolk, click to learn about nutrients and pregnancy benefits. You can eat an egg a few weeks past its sell-by date and be just fine (so stop throwing them out)- each state has different requirements. When egg whites start to get watery, it just means that the protein chains in the egg white are breaking down, but there is nothing wrong with the egg. You can still eat them, but these eggs are best for baking. Oops, I deviated from the tour talk again – when they took us into their cooling room, where the eggs go after being cleaned and packed, they told as a very interesting fact! Sometimes, the eggs at the grocery stores feel a little warm still. That’s not because the store is doing a poor job of chilling them (I hope not!), it’s because the eggs are so fresh they didn’t have time to be completely chilled by the time they made it to the store. Wow! Can’t get too much fresher than that unless you have your own chickens! On average, the time it takes from the hen to lay 
the egg to when it gets to the store is one to four days. That is it. Sweet. Makes me want to open every carton of eggs at the store and feel for their warmth…except then I’d be contaminating the cleanliness that those egg farmers work so hard to maintain. Beware: if you are at a grocery store and an egg farmer sees you feeling up those eggs…he/she will cringe with disgust! You can bet the shells are clean when they get to the store, but you can’t help what consumers do once it hits the store!
Speaking of cleanliness, there is even a USDA inspector permanently at the egg farm inspecting random batches of eggs! Nothing goes to waste and for those eggs that aren’t getting sold in cartons, there is also another building where they hard-cook eggs and peel them- as well as a cracking and/or separating room. Typically, the medium-sized eggs are heading up this section. Egg size is entirely due to the age of the hen. A younger hen will lay a medium egg and an older hen will lay a jumbo egg – and large is the in-between. There is nothing nutritionally different about those eggs either (except of course a larger egg will have a percentage more protein, calories and nutrients and a medium hen will have a percentage less, but only a proportional difference).
The Hickman family is truly a stand-up, welcoming, classy family. We met almost the whole family, with Clint leading the tour portion. Here is Clint on an ad for Sesame Street! I was so impressed by their graciousness, honesty, and community involvement, that if I lived in Arizona, I’d be sure to look for their eggs! However, since I live in Omaha (Nebraska for those who don’t know!), that is not possible since they don’t ship their eggs this far. I guess local is better anyway:) We’ve got lots of wonderful farmers in Western Nebraska and Eastern Iowa to provide us fresh, quality eggs.
I am leaving so much out, I’m sure, but you can click on any of these other attending bloggers and check to see what they said! I will also have a follow up post about the cooking portion of the trip, the cool stars we met, and a giveaway with that one:) Also, if you’re hungry for more pictures, here’s a link for you!
- MOMformation
- This Mama Cooks
- All American Mommy
- Parents With Style
- The Mama Zone
- Double Bugs
- The Eclectic Cook
- Family Fresh Cooking
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